Bronchospasm, relief of mild asthma symptoms: Note: Not recommended for routine management and treatment of asthma (GINA 2018; NAEPP 2007).

• Nebulization solution: Children ≥4 years and Adolescents: Handheld bulb nebulizer: Add 0.5 mL (1 vial) of 2.25% solution to nebulizer; 1 to 3 inhalations; may repeat dose after at least 3 hours if needed. Maximum daily dose: 12 inhalations/24 hours.
• Metered-dose inhaler: Children ≥12 years and Adolescents: Oral inhalation: 1 inhalation once; if symptoms not relieved after 1 minute, may repeat 1 inhalation; wait ≥4 hours between additional doses; maximum daily dose: 8 inhalations/24 hours

Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis), airway edema; moderate to severe: Limited data available: Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Note: Typically relief of symptoms occurs within 10 to 30 minutes and lasts 2 to 3 hours; patients should be observed for rapid symptom recurrence and possible repeat treatment.

• Racemic epinephrine (2.25% solution): Nebulization: 0.05 to 0.1 mL/kg (maximum dose: 0.5 mL) diluted in 2 to 3 mL NS, may repeat dose every 20 minutes; others have reported use of 0.5 mL as a fixed dose for all patients; use lower end of dosing range for younger infants (Hegenbarth 2008; Kliegman 2016; Rosekrans 1998; Rotta 2003; Wright 2002)
• L-epinephrine (using parenteral 1 mg/mL solution): Nebulization: 0.5 mL/kg of 1:1,000 solution (maximum dose: 5 mL) diluted in NS, may repeat dose every 20 minutes; Note: Racemic epinephrine 10 mg = 5 mg L-epinephrine (Hegenbarth 2008)